Critically discuss interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary approaches to sport and exercise knowledge within the professional experience carried out in term 1. Support your answers with relevant literature and theory
Research within sport and exercises science is done in a number of disciplines. The majority of published research, however, is mono-disciplinary (from one discipline) in characteristics (Burwitz et al. 1994). A specialist experience was performed to evaluate the approaches to inter and multi-disciplinary within sport and exercise knowledge research. The knowledge was of a sport science character which involved supporting within an undergraduate research study of 3D biomechanical research of a gymnastic vault using CODA, focussing specifically on the procedure and springboard take-off. Activities biomechanics uses the methodical methods of mechanics to study the negative impacts of various pushes on the activities performer (Bartlett, 2007). It is important to monitor technique in gymnastics to help prevent injury and improve performance. It is then possible to feed this information back again to coaches to highlight strengths and weaknesses of specific athletes.
Multi or inter-disciplinary research takes a blend of methods and knowledge from several sub-discipline (Burwitz et al. 1994).
This essay will put together what multi and inter-disciplinary approaches to sport and exercise research are, compare how similar they are and then show that they differ. It will then outline how the two solutions can be applied to the professional experience performed.
An interdisciplinary strategy within sport and exercise science involves a collaboration of mentors with sport and exercise researchers such as physiologist or psychologists. Smith (2005) divide sport science from exercise knowledge due to dissimilarities of individual needs from elite athletes to customers of the public. Smith (2005) detailed sport science to be characterised by collaborations with instructors and performance directors and exercise technology as being characterised by collaborations with general practitioners and professionals allied to drugs. Interdisciplinary research needs to involve a strong integration of information from several sub-discipline of sport and exercise knowledge from the outset of a specific research programme (Burwitz et al. 1994). Williams and Adam (2001) stated a sport or exercise team should have a technological basis. Williams and Adam (2001) also developed a model to show inter-disciplinary approaches, where in fact the goal of the activity or exercise is damaged by each area included.
Multi-disciplinary research includes less integration of the sub-disciplines of sport and exercise technology. Each discipline will work in parallel on the common topic (Burwitz et al. 1994). Mls et al (1997) designed Burwitz et al. (1994) classification to state that multi-disciplinary research entails sport and exercise researchers working together to resolve a problem within an isolated unitary fashion and co-coordinated manor. In a very multi-disciplinary approach each sub-discipline will look for problems to a solution from within only that self-discipline, for example a biomechanist will look at technique. Then each willpower will collate their results, whereas within an interdisciplinary strategy the biomechanist may utilize a physiologist to look at technique changes anticipated to exhaustion (Burwitz et al. 1994). Multi-disciplinary research may be the result of a lack integration of sub-disciplines from the outset of sport and exercise technology, therefore it is harder to combine then together when trying to effect a result of an inter-disciplinary approach to problem handling.
Multi and inter-disciplinary research are both ways of improving research and growing is away from mono-disciplinary work in sport and exercise sciences. Nearly all sport and exercise research is mono-disciplinary (Burwitz et al 1994) which is when research looks entirely at one sub-discipline and answers and conclusions from only that self-control. Both multi and inter-disciplinary techniques endeavour to web page link sub-disciplines, such as psychology and biomechanics, jointly to increase the ability to solve problems such as injury, exhaustion and poor technique. Both approaches work in clubs or teams (that are the sport and exercises scientists, coacher or professionals and the athlete or patient) to incorporate knowledge and methods using their company different areas.
Despite these similarities you may still find major differences between the two stated techniques. The inter-disciplinary methodology is apparently the best way to bring about advancements as it integrates the sub-disciplines which takes the proper execution of 'bridge-building' (Squires et al 1975) which requires a combination of expert understanding from various disciplines concentrating on a specific problem. Contrastingly, multi-disciplinary approaches collate rather than incorporate knowledge; therefore the sub-disciplines work separately during research procedures before coming collectively to try and reach a bottom line about a mentioned problem (Burwitz et al 1994). It is also believed that an interdisciplinary way will expose potential conflicts between your sub-disciplines (Burwitz et al 1994). As there is immediate relationship between sub-disciplines, an thoughts and opinions given by one area is disputed by another. That is less likely to appear in multi-disciplinary approaches as sub-disciplines do not work in direct contact with each other.
Despite the aforementioned examples no clear definition is given of the distinctions between your two approaches because many sport and exercise researchers have regarded multi and inter-disciplinary as synonymous conditions (Burwitz et al 1994).
The professional experience was associated with sport knowledge which smith (2001) described as being characterised by collaborations with mentors and performance directors. It had been first and foremost a biomechanical approach.
Biomechanics is a highly clinical and mathematical structured sub-discipline, usually taking a look at technique, and issues with technique, as factors behind problems such as harm and failing of success. Gymnastics is a sport that utilises these procedures frequently as it is a very technological sport where accidents can be common. This is because of the fact that gymnastics encompasses a seemingly endless quantity of activity skills (George 1980). During the professional experience questions were putt to the researcher about the involvement of other sub-disciplines to determine the dimension of the research. These questions were: 'are there any sport researchers or performance director present for sub-disciplines other than biomechanics to help determine the primary information collected from the research?' 'Will the results of the research be collated with other sub-disciplines and given back again to the performer?'
From the answers given to these questions it was figured the research being completed was mono-disciplinary as there was no interaction, in any way, with other sub-disciplines. As talked about above there is an increasing need from multi or inter-disciplinary research in sport and exercise research, this study might have been improved upon by the intro of other sub-disciplines and the reviews given to an athlete would have increased in value.
The research itself was considering the procedure and take off of the gymnast through the vault, as well as having approach evaluated biomechanically, the researcher may have recommended the athlete to be assessed by a physiologist or physiotherapist, this might produce results that show variations in muscle couple which could lead to personal injury, for example one calf being bigger than the other, that could mean production of pressure at take of is unbalanced. This may then be fed to the biomechanist who has also discovered that during takeoff the gymnast has been unbalanced and therefore the athlete would need to undergo building up in the shorter calf to get it up to a similar size to the other calf.
This would generate a multi-disciplinary methodology as sub-disciplines of sport technology will have collated data after the research to improve feed back to the performer.
It may also have been beneficial to have had a psychologist present at the time of testing who acquired watched the topic in competition and seen if their usual or performance differed between in and out of competition performance. It may be possible that the pressure of accomplishing in competition had led the athlete miss time a move which resulted in a reduction in performance; the psychologist could then use the performer to assist in improving confidence during competition and for that reason improve the athlete's performance.
This would create an inter-disciplinary procedure as sub-disciplines of sport science will have integrated during research to improve feed back to the performer.
If the approach's dimension was altered to the multi or an inter-disciplinary treat it will give the gymnast a much better chance of enhancing performance in competition.
The professional experience carried out was been shown to be mono-disciplinary as it was a bit of research focusing entirely on the biomechanics of the procedure and take off of the gymnastics vault. As talked about above launching further sizes to the research might have been more beneficial to the athlete as they may receive more reviews. However the little bit of research was an undergraduate research which possessed a primary give attention to biomechanics and launching other sub-disciplines may have baffled the findings and taken away from the goals of the study. This article has described multi and inter-disciplinary solutions within sport knowledge and explained their application inside a sporting context.
