Introduction
Ecologically friendly is activities that are good for the environment, and cycling is a transportation of the use of the cycling which electric power by human with 0 pollution. Go green, recycling, eco-friendly, "reuse", etc, these words are all over the place and everything we see every day. To be an environmental person, how can we change the world by one man ability? The public think that it is not changing a thing if only one person is being eco-friendly; however, every little helps the "sick earth". Especially I am learning in the Bicycle town - Nottingham, because it is the home of Raleigh, the most significant cycle manufacturer in the UK. Make me interesting and reflective thinking in cycling to the environment which is connected. Helping the environment by cycling is a superb way, either healthy or saving cost. In this article, I will talk about the huge benefits and drawbacks of cycling, open public utilizing it as a travel in many various ways. Also, the affects of cycling to environment, romantic relationship between bi-cycle designs and environment will be reviewed at below. In first paragraph, I am going to explain just what a bicycle is, pursuing with basic information of bikes. Then, the reason why of individuals choosing bicycle as a transportation method will be reviewed next paragraph. Also, many benefits will be suggested and promoting the advantages of cycling by survey and experts. However, there are a few accidents and death count can be found easily making cycling dangerous. Thirdly, public using bicycle as carry to work and institution, supporting by company "Sustran". Alternatively, education industries do not necessarily recommend children cycling to schools. Follow by the going by bicycle, there is a trend that bicycling is getting popular and use for exploring between metropolitan areas even countries. At last, I will talk about cycling is increasing the environment slowly and gradually. In additionally, bike designs are supporting the cities daily. At exactly the same time, government designs bicycle renting in London to help the general public improving the environment and quality in the administrative centre. Finally, I will give a simple conclusion to wrap up this dissertation.
Bicycle - cycling and design
What is Bicycle?
A two wheels vehicle connected to a body, controlled by the rider via the handlebar, run by human. This is of bike from Oxford Dictionary (2012) discussed that a vehicle consisting with two wheels held in a frame one behind the other, propelled by pedals and steered with handlebars attached to leading wheel. As so many different type of bicycle in this century, a more relevant explanation of bicycle would be a vehicle consisting with at least two wheels in a body, propelled by pedals and steered with handlebars mounted on the frame. As identical to design, there was always you start with a basic, development, and result as final design. Within the 18th century, the first bicycle was created in the Europe; this vehicle required balancing by the rider as a carry to bypass. This invent became extremely popular and stated in large amount quickly. Based on the international bicycle business (2013), depends upon bicycle production had reach 100millions in 1950-2000. Now in 2013, bicycles produced more than 10 million and retained increasing. The number of bicycle consumption was children's gadgets, racing, standard fitness, military, traveling, courier service and etc. As travelling, bicycle have been employed for bike commuting and energy cycling. For working, bicycle could deliver food or email, law enforcement officials patrol. For recreating the bicycle, maybe it's pile biking, BMX, physical fitness and then for fun. Also for racing, such as track, time trial, travel de France, etc. Thus, different types of bicycle have been creating for different needs. Common types were pile bikes, BMX, street bike and single velocity, on the other side fixed gear bicycle and folding cycle were less common. Different designs fit different customers, some liked simple designs, and some liked useful designs. Bicycle was a human-powered move which designed it need to power by the rider him/herself. Cycling was a very reliable and effective method of vehicles, and it was the most effective human-powered land vehicle at the same time. Cyclist need to hold the handlebar and keep pedaling to keep carefully the bike going forward, otherwise it will fall or crash when lost control. When designers coming up with, they always faced failure identical to cycling, also there is always grounds for planning and cycling.
"Life is like riding a bicycle - to keep your balance, you must excersice. "
By - Albert Einstein
Why bicycling?
Many people drive a bike for many different reasons. For the body, cycling could be achieved by folks of all age range, from child years to adult, when achy bones did not allow for more stressful exercise like sprinting. For Mind-set, cycling helped visitors to releaser stress. Regardless of if riding purely for pleasure or for a particular purpose, feeling calm and energized when you appeared the destination. For community, being from the bicycle was good for the individuals around you as well. Cyclist could go directly to the place that they wished to go and yet put one less car on the highway. Cycling was a great eco-friendly method for fun, fitness and to enjoy the oxygen. Matthew (2012) said that whether it was to improve the fitness, health or music group balancing, or as an environmental choice, taking up cycling could be among the finest decisions. Thus, bicycling gave people benefits and experiences in lots of ways. Illinois University's researchers found that 5 out of 100 people advanced in cardio-respiratory fitness from cycling led to an improvement of up to 15% in mental testing. Because of cycling helped build new brain cells in the hippocampus- the region responsible for storage which deteriorates from the age of 30. Corresponding to University of Bristol, bicycling helped raise the bowels, meaning the benefits of cycling stretch deep into the center. Dr Ana Raimundo said that helped reducing the time which got food to go through the top intestine by physical exercise, controlling the amount of water absorbed back into the body and giving only the softer stools, that have been easier to pass. On the other hand, Experts at College or university of Stanford discovered that riding bicycle frequently could protect human's skin rather than harming from UV radiation and lowering the indicators of ageing. "When flushing harmful toxins out, nutrients to skin skin cells and blood flow through exercise deliver oxygen increasing circulation better. Also creating a perfect environment in the body to optimize collagen development by exercise, it making your skin created less wrinkles and heal faster. A test screening insomnia suffers to pattern for 30 or less minutes every day, insomniacs sleeping time increased almost one hour and show up as rest time required decrease to half. Teacher Jim Horne from Loughborugh University's sleeping research centre described that sunlight shine on the skin when doing exercise at outdoor, helped get the circadian rhythm back in sync, also using the body of cortisol, the strain hormone which could prevent profound, regenerative sleep. Beating the illness by cycling, driving was the way to keep carefully the doctor away. Main dietician at St George's medical center in London said medium level exercise made immune cells more vigorous, and made them always ready to battle with bacteria. Studies also showed that folks acquired less sickness if people circuit for 30 minutes five days weekly. Group of experts likened over 2400 similar twins and found those who have the same as just three 45minutes trips per week were 9 years "biologically younger" even after discounting other influences, such as body mass index (BMI) and smoking. Dr Lynn Cherkas stated that lower risk of cardiovascular disease been entirely on those individuals who exercise regularly, all sorts of tumors, high blood circulation pressure and excess weight. And the body became very effective at defending itself and regenerating new cells. Cutting 50% threat of cardiovascular disease by bicycling regularly. Matching to British Center groundwork (2013), around 10. 000 fatal heart attacks could be prevented every year if people stored themselves fitter. About keeping fit, sports specialist found that body's metabolic process - the efficiency with which it burns calories and fat, was not only raised during cycling, however for few hours after stop. One analysis showed that cyclists who included fast intervals to their ride burnt three and a half times more body fat than those who cycled constantly but at a slower pace.
Apart from health, cycling helped people go to their destination faster in UK's major city. Research by Citroen confirmed that workers get to location in half enough time of cars and commuting by bike in the UK's major places. In fact, if driving for one hour in hurry hour, individuals cannot go everywhere further in thirty minutes and average just 7mph, in comparison to averaging around 12-15mph while bicycling. A study of 200 people completed by the School of Bristol found that employees who exercised before work or at lunchtime improved their time and workload management, and it boosted their inspiration and their capability to deal with stress. The study also reported that workers who exercised believed their interpersonal performance was better; they had taken less brake and found it better to finish focus on time. Unfortunately, analysis found nothing at all was linking between obtaining a promotion and bicycling. Operating to work could save the money of travel, without the elements condition, bicycling to work at less save 30 per month. Enjoying the new air before go to work, refreshed the mind and did the trick more efficiency. In the weekend, the whole family could go cycling together. Studies advised that children were inspired by their parents exercise alternatives. Which intended if your kids saw you riding bicycle a whole lot, they thought it was normal and would like to follow. Replaced any hazardous dependency such as alcohol, computer and cigarettes, you were creating a positive addiction by riding bicycle. Result of positive craving to cycling was became a more happy and better person in life. Riding could be doing as much good as the real exercise on the interpersonal area. Socialising released the hormone oxytocin helped you made friends and stay healthy. Naturally sense good endorphin released when training and counters stress which made delight. If you happy but fatigued? A very important thing you could do was take a ride. Even a few minutes of physical exercise was a interestingly effective refreshing head. An assessment of 12 studies on the link between exercise and tiredness completed between 1945 and 2005 found that exercise directly decrease weariness levels. Nothing at all was better than cycling with partner. Many couples made one or two riding "dates" every week, aiding release feel-good hormones, so after a ride, the lovers could have a warm feeling towards one another. Appreciating enough time you spent jointly and chat though cycling.
However, there could be some disadvantages while many benefits had been found.
With hundred of issues could be found to have an impact on the cyclist while cycling. Riding on the roads next to competitive drivers could be very dangerous. Wind flow, raining, heat, chilly and hills etc, each one of these conditions affected individuals who was simply riding and cause serious problem. Based on the Fonant (2012), statistically cycling was generally considered to be more threatening than travelling by car, much safer than riding a motorbike, and about as safe as walking. The actually prices depended on whether counting mishaps per mile, voyage or hour, therefore the information were quite variable. In pretty much, cycling felt far more dangerous it truly was. Also, choices of bike will make a huge different; a well balanced city bike experienced more comfortable in traffic than a high-risk BMX bike. Bicycles were much more flexible than autos, so sometimes find calm routes that prevent the busiest roads. Large cities and cities always publicized route maps which can helped. However, these "cycle path" were built by non-cyclist therefore could be relatively worthless and stupid, even sometimes they were more threatening than the roads they ran along. Fonant (2012) stated that the risk to cyclists on the streets decreased quite definitely if there were more folks cycling. Vehicles became more used to passing cyclists, and they were less amazed to see them. In on top of that, the more car drivers thee were that also cycle, the more the motoring public would understand cyclists needs and doubts. This phenomenon was known as the "Critical Mass", also the name of demo cycle riders that happen in towns all around the globe. In the UK, drivers were very bad at passing cyclists, specially the elder people. For reasons uknown they think cyclist were happy to have only a few inches wide of space. Drivers forgot that cyclist were controlling, and often had a need to swerve to avoid potholes. Luckily, being struck from behinds was a unusual event for a cyclist, so while there is a strong conception that there was danger in reality this was false. Not a good experience with hitting by a moving car, the feeling would ever forget. The worst probability to do was journey close to the kerb. Not only the automobiles would pass by faster and closer, if the front wheel strikes the kerb you land off. More evident to ride where the cars' left hands part wheels have made the street better, and you would get less punctures. As I described, car drivers appeared never to like cyclists. Reasons were because driving a vehicle was already a tense and competitive activity, and cycling next to them received even worse. Used a cyclist almost never would make the trip time longer of a car driver. A cyclist would be overtaken, and then overtaking back at another traffic lamps or queue. Car drivers also frightened that they might hit and injure a cyclist while driving a vehicle on the road. Even divers were not worrying physically but in sub-conscious, something that modern autos did all that they could to remove, by insulating the car occupants from real life as much as possible. Except the automobile drivers, weather was another problem for cyclists. Most of the non-cyclists thought that raining was the worst weather problem for cyclists, but since starting to ride a bicycle you would found out how much effort was had a need to cycle into a strong wind. Comparing with climbing a hill, cycling was worse as the wind would often be against you for the whole journey, and sometimes it even converted so that it was against you on the way back again as well. To resolve this problem, many regular long distance cyclists used traditional slipped handlebars. Drop bar allowed crouching down comfortably to reduce the frontal area. Wearing a windbreaker with an ultimate wind-resistance bicycle such as recumbent bike could help to move smoother. Some said raining as much of an pain as wind flow, but less common luckily. Although raining was not a big package for the rider, the bicycle getting wet was not a good thing. The bicycle received wet without drying in a long term, triggering rust and harm could be dangerous for the cycling activity. Traveling with all damp outfit certainly had not been a good notion, especially in winter when you putting on lots of layers and getting frigid plus damp was awful. In winter, wearing too many cloths for cycling would be clumsy which affected the reaction of the cyclist. Suggesting to wear windproof clothing than it would be warm enough even in freezing weather. To cancel the condition of sweat-induced water it was better to dress so that might be chilly at the beginning with, and soon warm-up. At the same time, hands and legs were needed more attention as they getting to be the coldest area of the body. Try extra socks and windproof gloves, they helped more than ever. Furthermore, took great treatment in warm weather to keep taking in. Keep perspiration without normal water might trigger heat heart stroke, so just helped bring a bottle of water with you and drank it frequently. Apart from weather, the bicycle was one of the condition that cyclist had a need to care about. Auto parking, maintenance, cost etc. When cyclist wished to park the bike, ensured it was secure to avoid cycle thief as bike parts were easy to uninstall. As the product price were increasing in every around the world, the price of bi-cycle parts and maintenance were getting more expensive. Ensure the motorcycle was in good shape before riding, often any part loosed might cause accident. To minimizing the expense of maintenance, bicycle owner might buy their own tools to repair the bike. Spending once on the tools was enough, rather than costing money on maintenance every time in shops.
Transportation - to work
Bicycle commuting was the way that individuals go to work by cycling from home to the area they work. CTC (Cyclist touring Golf club)(2013) stated that commuting by bike in the UK was becoming more and more popular. Bicycling was one of the easiest ways to keep fit while saving money at the same time. Writer of "Bicycling to work: a beginner's guide" Rory McMullan said that once you ride a motorcycle few times, you'd be surprised how simple and fast it was. Mandi (2012) suggested that though U. S. possessed seen 40 percent development in bi-cycle commuters since 2000, their figures had yet to surpass 1 million. Strengthening individual's health, wealth and standard of living were not the sole reason biking to work; however the blend of more cyclists and less cars on the road could give the total country a much-needed raise (Mandi, 2012). Many reasons and benefits could be found by bicycling to work and college. Due to increasing fuel prices and tire maintenance, the expense of owning a car increased almost 2% in 2012. According to the Sierra Membership, if American motorists were to make just one four-mile spherical trip each week with a bi-cycle instead of an automobile, they would save almost 2 billion gallons of gas. Cycling was widely cheaper than traveling; also the cyclist was doing exercise at the same time. Lisa Callahan, MD, of the hospital for special surgery in New York City said that Motorcycle commuting could be a extremely effective cardiovascular advantage. "If you're overweight and start a fitness program, sometimes it is harder on your bones because of overweight, thus activities such as swimming or biking that had not been pounding on the bones could be a positive thing. "On the other hand, operating to work did not even need to possess a bike. Bi-cycle seek the services of was available in London city centre so that personnel could rent one and drive to work. Barclays Pattern Hire got more than 6000 bikes and 400 stations which could be within central of London. School of Nottingham discovered that public transit riders were 6 times much easier to receive from serious respiratory infections. Oxygen have a body good, another research found a bunch of illness-causing viruses hidden in passenger seats and car, including E. coli, salmonella and campylobacter. Bicycling was specific and oxygen came onto the facial skin directly. When bicycle commuters arrived the area they work, parking the bi-cycle would not be a concern. Many company such as Apple and Tesco offered bicycle car parking for employees. In North american, a huge selection of major companies experienced entered the American Group of Bicyclists "Bicycle Friendly Business" program and locations require commercial office structures by law to offer some kind of bike safe-keeping. Folding bikes were another useful option, as they may be stuffed into a tote and stashed easily under a office or a closet.
Evans Cycles possessed an application helped worker to bicycling to work which called "Drive2work". "Ride2Work" was a leading provider of the Government's circuit to work scheme, which promoted cycling through duty incentives to offer fantastic saving on the expense of a new motorcycle and safeness accessories. (EvansCycles, 2012) The "Ride2work" plan could save at less 40% of retail prices without the extra cost to the workplace. Any sizes companies could take part in the structure which promoted more healthy journeys to work, and minimizing congestion by offered an optimistic lifestyle profit to employees. A lot more than 10 companies already joined the structure, such as Route 4, Gatwick Airport, Toyot and Virgin Press etc. Matching to EvansCycle(2012), the "cycle2work" program works as an annual duty exemption which allowed employees to purchase bikes to be hired to employees as a tax-free gain. And the expense of purchasing the bikes was recovered though salary sacrifice, which normally ran over 12 months. For employers, it provided a favorite employee advantage at no additional expense, helping employees to save money, promote healthier journeys to work and meet CSR targets and save the price of car parking. For employees, to save around 30%-40% on both motorcycle and accessories, divided the cost over 12-18 months to make cycling less expensive, getting fitter, much healthier and happier through cycling. Through this process, "Ride2Work" benefited employers and employees at the same time. Thus, there have been no disadvantages to join it. Also, cycling to university or school was a great activity for children.
Transport ation- To school
Cycling was a great from of travel for teenagers providing a wholesome, cheap and green way to get about, together with a degree of freedom and self-reliance (Sustrans, 2012). Regarding data in the united kingdom, a high percentage of children said they would prefer to pattern to school rather than taking public travel. Since walking was about three times slower than cycling, it was exquisite for journeys to and from college which was too far to walk to and it an easier way to exercise. The government suggested that young people should have a minimum of one hour's moderate exercise each day to keep healthy and help prevents serious illness in later life.
Cycling to college regularly was a simple and sensible way of obtaining this. Sustrans safe course (2012) claimed that some family and school were concerned about the quickness and level of street traffic. Cyclingblog(2011) said that almost all children acquired a bicycle of some sort yet it was estimated that less than 1% of institution children actually routine to school. In addition, surveys of institution travel appeared to claim that up to 50% of children would like to travel by bi-cycle, so there were an issue anywhere. Cyclingblog(2011) talked about that the key concern centre surrounding the perception of UK highways being dangerous or dynamic discouragement by college themselves. Parents were scared of allowing institution children to pattern to college; said fears were often illogical as the highways were not as dangerous as these were led to consider. Besides, cycling to school had not been a necessary in support of way on a single course that was used by mum who drives kids to school by themselves. Matching to Bikeability(2013), a sufferer of economic slashes, there have been still cycle instructors our there spending so much time to instruct children good bicycling technique. Those children who lived within 2 miles of the school, particularly key schools and this therefore offered the trained child cyclist the perfect experience that will increased over time and lead to better prepared adult cyclists. The issue of at what age should a kid be allowed to cycle to school maybe a contentious one, however, with children cycling to school run there is clearly the opportunity of riding along as a group, which so long as extra safety in figures.
The other main reason cycling to university was taken up by so few children was the position taken by nearly all schools, specifically infant and junior schools. Many institutions discourage bicycling through promotion of poor road safety advice and their insufficient bicycle safe-keeping facilities. Schools cannot legally ban cycling to school; they had no to decide how people showed up to and from their house. What normally institutions could do was ban bicycles from the school area or they could actually ban by not providing everywhere to park their bi-cycle securely and safely and securely. The expense of installing bicycle car parking stands had not been challenging, once installed they need very little of maintenance and upkeep. The legal position was that academic institutions were not liable for students going independently to or from school; that meant a university would be liable for a student on a school-operated bus, but it had not been liable for students cycling on his / her own. Furthermore, academic institutions were not responsible for theft or destruction caused to bicycles on college grounds, in the same way schools weren't liable for theft or harm to a student's jacket theft in a classroom or the pencil circumstance in their carrier. Cyclingblog(2011) recommended that if more children bicycling to school what was needed was a proactive attitude, better facilities at colleges and infrastructure on the way to school along with ongoing cycle training. More importantly was parents to comprehend that cycling itself was safe and stimulating children to be effective in an age when the TV or games console was the first point of call.
Transport - Travel
Riding the bicycle to a location was popular in every round the world. Instead of travelling by airplane, train or ship, traveler who rode a cycle has much increased fun and fascinating experience. Many people became interesting with the idea of traveling by bicycle but didn't know where to get started. THE EXPERIENCE Cycling Connection (2013) suggested that experienced riders know the simplicity of motorcycle travel was one of its great joys, but to the inquisitive newcomer this new world of possibility could appear challenging. Bi-cycle travel was attractive for most reasons; a thrilling problem that allowed people to explore new scenery and cultures, built physical fitness, and experienced the delight of breathing oxygen and reaching new people in a few point. The author of Lonely Entire world (2012) said that motorcycle travel offered you loads of freedom, plus it was eco-friendly and a great form of exercise. No doubt travelling with cycle was a forceful move to make, so traveler must desire a plan before started out. Importance of recognized the potential risks and time, because you could not take a season off to exercise bike somewhere. Same another way of trip, traveler will need to have to confirm that enough time you allot was sufficient for the area you want to go. Since motorcycle had been going by people lately, there were a great deal of motorcycle routes maps on the internet plus some provide by firm. Bike route helped a lot when you were planning the specific bike travel. Guide bike travel could be found as well if you preferred. Made sure going where actually prepared to visit, not trip to a vacation spot because of convenience or in passing. Self preparing prior to the trip was important as well. Helmet, cycling clothing, mobile, snacks, normal water, passport (if overseas), backpack and etc. Depending on the place you traveling to, also the location and weather which would trip move. If it was greater than a day, you may want to check hotels, hostels or camping. Some business set out maps that helped traveler to discover a place to stay at the end of every day trip, depending on how well the plan was. If you were biking across the desert, some tent and camping would be needed. And food, which would increased the weight of the pack. Make sure if you'd a heavier insert to transport, your motorcycle could support it. To help you determine how much could cope with, taking some rides with predicted weight that might be carrying. The great thing about cycling was the cyclist did not have to be a "superman" to biking around. However, training on bicycle before the trip will be a "free insurance". The very best to do was to be realistic about what people actually could do and create achievable goals. One of the pleasures of bike travel was that traveling into gradually better and better forms as you go. The varies of how far can you drive in a day depending on the overall fitness, personal goals, the style of touring and the terrain(Trip Cycling Association, 2013). With a little of bike training, the average physically fit adult hauling more than 18 pounds of other gears on the bike could expect to travel at an average speed of 65 miles per day on roads but still had time to fully stop and savored the view. With more items about 35 pounds. The average pace to plan for should be reduced to 55miles per day. Also if the landscape was particularly smooth or mountainous, the average would increase or lower accordingly. Experienced bicycle travelers could drive further, but for most people, planning to exceed these averages acquired a trend to increase the physical challenge and reduce the excitement. Always plan the time in the day and days off in the trip, for sudden issues and good opportunities. A bike tour certainly needed a good bike to drive on; many types of bicycle could be used for touring. Although some bicycle were specifically created for touring, most quality cycle could be personalized for touring use, with the exception of highway racing bikes, as they pay attention on weight cutting down and quick handling over toughness and comfort. For final result, the decision of bi-cycle was based on type of touring and personal inclination. Although cycling travel was a good activity, the death count was surprisingly high in 2000. Most usual bicycling accidents were cyclist rode in to the way of vehicle, motorist emerging into course of cyclist and turning across route of cyclist, child cyclist participating in or operating too fast, etc. Based on the survey done by DETR(Secretary express for the environment, transport and parts), deaths rate per billion voyage of bicycle was 170. Studies exhibited those cyclist casualties in the united kingdom; Killed, 170; very seriously injured 3085, marginally injured; the sum of casualties was 19215. These figures only counted the numbers of cyclists who killed or damaged in highway accidents and were reported to the authorities, even when the cyclist was damaged terribly enough to be taken to hospital. The figure was not included bicycling accidents what took place on other areas instead of road. Rospa(2012) reported that around 15% of the cyclist killed and damaged were children, cycling accidents increased as children get older. Meaning there is a risk of cycling from kids to adult, even more threatening until about age 60. Alternatively, most bicycling accidents happened in cities where most cycling took places, more than half fatality or serious accidents happened in cities. Data in the Royal Culture for preventing Accidents (2012) confirmed that more than 20% of cyclists killed or very seriously injured were involved in collisions at, or near, a highway junction, with T junctions being the most commonly included. And roundabouts were particularly dangerous junctions for cyclists. Besides of personal casualties, bicycling helped a lot for the surroundings.
Eco-friendly
World's significant problem was pollution. Different methods of travel such as cars, buses, trams, trains among others induced noise pollution, heavy air pollution and depart massive carbon footprints. Corporation such as "Bike NSW Environmental Trust" helped and marketed bicycle riding as an environmentally beneficial means of transport. Cycling did not require any gasoline or emitted any poisonous gases; as well it got almost no carbon footprint. For a brand new air to breath and clear water to drink, a reduction in all those pollution levels was essential. Bicycling was an environmentally as well as friendly to the environment mode of transportation. Daily, the expense of fuels was increasing quickly. In such situation, bicycling was a cheap mode of transport, ideal for short local outings and made up of our daily journeys. Relating to Western Environment Company (EEA, 2003), the transportation sector in the UK was both speediest growing consumer of energy and the most effective growing developer of greenhouse gases. Polluting of the environment was not going on in a country but in globally, everyone experienced accountable for it and need to improve it at the earliest opportunity. The national bicycling charity claimed (CTC, 1991) that the key atmospheric pollants emitted by motor vehicles were hydrocarbons, carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Oxides, Ozone, particulates, acidic compounds and Carbon Dioxide, which had a negative impact upon the environment. These issues afflicted the planet everyday and triggering environment problems including global warming, acid rainfall and greenhouse impact etc. Driving a car had some impacts on the surroundings; however, cycling performed totally the opposite thing which helped the surroundings. Riding bicycle had been noiseless, fuel-efficient, non-polluting and non-threatening to many other motorists. (Rodney, 1993)
As bicycling was a terrific way to be eco friendly, the European Network for cycling expertise wrote a report, which focused on the environment problems associated with mechanized transport and mentioned that cycling's role alternatively, environmentally-benign mode of transport. The major CO emission was derived from road vehicles, between 1990 and 2000, the emission of greenhouse gases from transfer in the European union increased by 19 %. ( EEA, 2003c) the travel sector in the UK was both the fastest growing consumer of energy and the most effective growing developer of greenhouse gases. (EEA, 2003a) More than 19% of most CO2 emission originated from the street traffic, besides; noise pollution and consumption were other major cons.
Cycling acquired significant environmental benefits: it had a good environmental impact since it created no atmospheric and noise pollution consumed no limited resources and did not cause traffic jam. Therefore, every kilometer travelled by bi-cycle would be a kilometer without environmentally damaging emission. Also, promoting bi-cycle used in urban areas may lead to a modal transfer from car use to bi-cycle use. A reduction of car outings shorter than 7. 5km by 10% may lead to a reduced amount of 1. 5% of total Co2 emission from passenger road traffic and 2% of the full total atmospheric (CE, 2000). Cycling was 70% tranquil to motorized highway traffic. Furthermore, it was considerably less energy intensive, review found that a cyclist could travel 1600 miles on the same energy of 1 gallon of petrol (CTC, 1991). As land was limited on the planet earth, the price tag on auto parking space was increasing with dual or triple price. Bicycle needed fewer requirements on space unlike vehicles which were making increasing demands on highway space, having controversial results on the landscape by destroying habitats, dividing communities and threatening unusual wildlife habitats. Cycling had huge potential as a cost-effective way of achieving environmental aims. For samples, much increased investment would be needed to achieve the same environmental results by increasing public transport that was also much less clean as cycling. Thus, cycling got huge potential importance in rewarding the EU's local climate policy and air quality goals. Bike creation should be centered on an Eco-design basic principle, with focus on recyclable and replaceable parts.
The design of bi-cycle have been changing over years, but still starting with a bicycle framework and wheels. The largest changing is the materials of the bike framework and parts. As "Green" was the major premise, materials such as bamboo, recycle cards board and clear plastic had been uncover to use as a environment elements for creating a motorcycle. Videos on "Youtube" discovered that designers using quite strong recycle card table to create a bike, with glue, waterproof liquid and etc. These activities reminded the public that cycling had not been limited to fun; also well for the surroundings and reduced mid-air and noise pollution. By renting a bicycle in London, cyclist could enjoy the atmosphere around, not only interior. The "Barclays Pattern Seek the services of" was designed by the Transfer of London (TFL) which was a public expert under the Freedom of information act 2000. Permitting more than 60000 people used an environmental friendly transportation until 2013 (TFL, 2013). Not merely for singularly, even companies and merchants were beginning to hire the bikes. TFL (TFL, 2013) found that many companies were using the hire structure there were suggestions they might also be helping London became greener, as well as helping to develop a cycling revolution in the administrative centre. Mr. Ranger, the Mayor's transfer adviser said that both commuters and businesses got completely embraced "Barclays Pattern Hire" which was see to the guile and ingenuity that made London such a good destination to do business. "Barclays Cycle Seek the services of" was a great and successful design in bicycle letting system, which improving the city adjoining and public. Planning was identical to Cycling, the greater effort you source, the more you will get.
"Cycling is unique. No other sport enables you to go like that - where there's only the bicycle left to carry you up. If you ran as hard, you'd fall season over. Your hip and legs wouldn't support you".
By - Steve Johnson
Conclusion
To summarize, cycling do involved with numerous areas, such as health, body, money, environment, polluting of the environment, even young families and metropolitan areas. Although there are large of advantages by cycling, some issues can be found; risk of traveling on highway and the weather can cause hurt etc. Like a cyclist, I can get better body, getting together with more friends; also cycling everywhere let me sightseeing just about everywhere with my own eyes, feel the blowing wind and sunshine. AS I see my friends around me needs to join the bicycling, to gratify myself i am helping the planet earth by individual to individual. Alternatively, problems I got from bicycling are the expense of repairing and craving to cycling. Simple bi-cycle design - set gear bike needs to replace the tire every few months, that i am doing at the moment, also the expense of it is not cheap. Too addicted to cycling made me spend less time with family, in on top of that, spending excess amount on free or new parts. As cycling is an outdoor activity, family will complain because I am always abroad. At exactly the same time, bike adductors always searching motorcycle parts in bicycle or internet shops. Even potential buyers use internet shop to order cycle parts from international to find a common parts. Furthermore, driving on a motorcycle in short distance so this means I am not using vehicle, which decrease the air pollution in my hometown. Thus, there tend to be more benefits than drawbacks of riding a bike. Start to journey a cycle to work or institution, influence the others and make a much better environment now.
"When man invented the bike he come to the top of his attainments. Here was a machine of precision and balance for the capability of man. And (unlike succeeding inventions for man's convenience) the greater he used it, the fitter his body became. Here, for once, was something of man's brain that was entirely good for those who used it, and of no injury or soreness to others. Progress should have discontinued when man invented the bicycle. "
By - Elizabeth Western world, Hovel in the Hills
