Plato who lived between 427-347 B. C is well known for his development of several unique areas in school of thought such as metaphysical, epistemology, looks and ethics. Plato was a prototypical philosopher whose philosophical ideas acquired great impact on the subsequent politics theories and concepts. Plato's beliefs is implied in the utilization of dialectic method in dialogue which involves reflective insights in to the nature. Also through cognitive optimism this technique involves a belief in humans mind capacity to attain for real truth and then deploying it for virtuous and rational ordering of individual affairs (p. 96). Plato keeps that any conflicting passions between the several parts of humanity can be harmonized. Plato proposes a righteous and logical politics system which directs to a harmonious unity in a population and that gives chance to each of its parts to build up but not at the downside of others. Matching to Plato, the practical implementation and theoretical design of such systems is however extremely hard without virtue in a contemporary society (p. 69). This paper studies the value of unity and harmony to Plato in his philosophical concepts and how these concepts illustrate themselves at the level of individual heart and soul as well as in the politics society. This newspaper will also assess Plato's understanding of these concepts and exactly how he uses these to unjustify democratic form of authorities.
In the Plato's philosophical theories, justice is one of the main concepts in ethics and politics. Justice may refer to individual virtue, culture order or even specific rights as opposed to the general public order claims. Corresponding to Plato justice is simply speaking the truth and giving back again or repaying what one has borrowed (p. 5). However this explanation is grounded on the original moral traditions and might not be adequate to hold to today's concern and the energy of critical thinking. If rightfully comprehended, justice does not act as a special advantage to any of the factions of a city but justice represents the common good of the whole political community which is to everyone's gain. Justice provides unity in a society which is important for society's health. A political order that promotes sociable peace in the environment of companionship and assistance among different communal communities whereby each benefits and each plays a part in the common good of the modern culture, is the better according to Plato.
Unity and harmony plays a very important role in the republic's politics and ethics since both the good heart and the nice state are said to be harmonious (p. 99). Plato constantly argues that tranquility in a modern culture is achieved when everyone takes on his / her role. From this it appears that good is generally achieved when each thing displays its essence tranquility. However corresponding to Plato good is not only a property that the forms have but it's a force that reality comes from. He argues that "if the nice is unity and harmony, additionally it is the first theory of everything, the standard by which everything is what it is, that has as lifetime and power of all its (p. 100)
The courage, wisdom and moderation produced by the guardians, rulers and workers ultimately give forth the justice in world which those virtues make in the average person spirit when they are nurtured by the three elements of that soul. Only when the three elements work in harmony and with intellect under control does the individual or culture attain the enjoyment and realization which it is competent. Within the republic he argues that the nice use of any human being and his soul is to stay in a just manner as well concerning attain a state of unity and tranquility (p. 110). Corresponding to Plato every human being consist of many parts whereby each is different from the other and each has unique goals, aims and appetites. The three elements of the heart and soul are intellect physical dreams and courage. However it's important to conceptualize the soul as encompassing the many conflicting parts although this status of conflict is unwelcome and and therefore man must try to harmonize his spirit. Regarding to Plato man can harmonize his soul by training each part to operate as dictated naturally without hampering other parts business.
In this context each part of any man's soul should not only perform its function but also perform it well. So in the case of physical desires one should not look for luxurious pleasures but should look for success and a healthy body. When the elements of the soul are fulfilling their standard functions well and under the direction of reason, they are really then in harmony and balance with one another with that instant the heart and soul id unified, just, good and happy (p. 99). With this context Plato means that a mans heart and soul cannot be in harmony when carrying out functions of targeted at taking luxurious pleasures to him by themselves and not caring for the goodness of others.
In the republic Plato expresses that the purpose of man is to use his head and reason to find knowledge, fact and eventual certainty. In such a search man should understand that the body is a hindrance and therefore the soul should always struggle against it so as to achieve satisfaction in the individual heart and soul as well as create a good political contemporary society (p. 296). The body always confuses your brain with all types of appetites and wishes thus giving the mind time to think. Corresponding to Plato the man should therefore remove himself entirely from his body and only utilize it to survive. In this manner man can reduce the impediments to in going after his true function to the best of his capability, for his good and the good of the complete society. This seek out mans function and attaining his good life would depend on justice and harmonization of the spirit.
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In today's politics it's universally assumed that democracy which really is a government of the individuals for the individuals is the most justifiable form of political system. This form of government has two features i. e. flexibility and equality which can be usually conspicuous in its operations. Democracy can be indicated as the rule of people governing themselves directly or by their chosen rep. However Plato does not consider democracy to be the best form of federal. Plato criticizes the unchecked and immediate kind of democracy of this time due to its leading styles. According to Plato democracy is largely characterised by occurrence of independence, but although liberty is a genuine value it can even be dangerous when it's excessively (p. 288). When many people are given the flexibility to do as he or she wishes then this can leads to anarchy.
On the other hand, in democracy there may be equality meaning everyone in these systems gets the right and identical capacity to rule (p. 288). The proper for every someone to rule implies therefore that lots of individuals will seek electricity in politics definitely not to help or lead the culture but for their personal profits. These power seeking individuals can therefore make a democratic form of federal to be highly corruptible opening ways for potential dictators, demagogues and can thus lead to tyranny. For example Hitler was democratically elected claiming that he would act on behalf of the people but he turned to be a tyranny and proved helpful for his own personal passions (. p. 296) Plato keeps that democratic politics systems are and may lead from anarchy to tyranny. This technique also lacks proper committed market leaders with skills and morals. Though it might not exactly happen in the current liberalized democracies the aforementioned reasons are Plato's main problems with democracy.
According to Plato democracy is a political system that is determined by chance and therefore without able and virtuous leaders it becomes a dangerous form of authorities. According to Plato therefore democracy is not possible without unity and tranquility between the individual heart and soul and body. Harmonization of the heart and soul helps human beings to stay away from the temptations of your body such as selfishness and greed and follow his true function which is also the way to good life in the population (p. 268). Harmonization also helps man to fight all type of bodily wishes and appetites which is very important to market leaders in democratic kinds of government. For a society to take pleasure from the goodness of the democratic form of government it will therefore have market leaders with tranquility and unity between their soul and body. Thus they will be in a position to guide the population for the interest and advantages of everybody and not because of their own home needs.
Conclusion
According to Plato for you to be truly happy she or he must participate in the good also to take part in the nice one must be just. However not every individual heart and soul that is just and therefore one wonders how the unjust can be happy (p. 267). Just or right means nothing at all that's in the interest of the better. Regarding to Plato injustice is not actually ones true self applied justice. So that it should maintain one interest to comprehend joy. True justice and delight is concurrently webbed as well as self-justice. Within the republic Socrates agrees that he also doesn't know precisely what good is but then he says we have to endeavour for its knowledge since it's what brings enjoyment. Unity and tranquility are therefore important in reaching specific satisfaction and also in producing an appropriately arranged political population. Plato's unjustifying of democracy may however not be appropriate in the current liberal democracy systems. Today's liberal democracies are not only predicated on flexibility and equality but also on other factors like multi get together systems and guideline of legislation.
