The need for sport in modern society
Development of mass athletics and its devote modern society is a topical issue of great importance. Popularization of physical culture, sports activities and healthy lifestyle plays an important role in modern culture in any country. Mass sport is the basis of professional sport, the condition of physical efficiency of the younger generations. Professional sport allows, by figuring out individual opportunities and talents of every person in a particular area of activities activity (through increased specialization and individualization of working out process), to attain maximum, record sporting results. Files in professional sport, being successful the official international, countrywide and other sports, creates a moral incentive to the development of mass activities.
Speaking about the role of sport in society, it could be argued that sport is a continuous social experiment, where mankind showsits potential, accumulating and bettering human capital, broadening its potential. Athletics, by executing developmental, educational, patriotic, communicative function, integrates and coordinates individuals and sociable groups, helps the country to develop. The sport system is straight linked with the subsystems of health, technology, culture, upbringing and education. Sport has a substantial effect on the socio-economic and politics techniques of any modern society.
It is quite natural that nowadays complicated socio-economic, mental health and ecological situation on the planet is placing new requirements to various areas of general population life, including in such kind of real human activity as a sport. To begin with, it should be noted that even today the problem of promotion of various types of physical culture and sport among diverse populations. It really is obvious, that organized sport activity and different sorts of physical exercises in many ways will enhance the general resistance of folks organism to the present day diverse effects of various kinds. Particularly important this problem is made for young generation scheduled to a significant decrease in physical health among teenagers, spread among them of diseases, that threatens the economical, intellectual and public stability of our own contemporary society in very near future. In this regard, administration propaganda of healthy lifestyle and sport takes a special place in the process of development of modern mass sport. (Nicholson, 2008)
SOCIAL ROLE OF SPORT INSIDE THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIETY
Sport is an important social sensation in all levels of society, providing a sizable impact on key areas of cultural life: it influences national relationships, business life, social status, fashion forms, ethical values, people's lifestyle. To get this thesis we can bear in mind the quotation of some athlete ". . . activities today is a significant sociable factor, that is able to withstand the invasion of cheap culture and bad habits. " (Nicholson, 2008)
Indeed, the sensation of sport has a powerful socialization force. Politicians have long considered the nationwide sport as a hobby, in a position to unite the city with a unified countrywide idea, filled up with some sort of ideology, people's desire to succeed, to succeed.
In the U. S. , for example, in the 60's, sport, learning to be a national passion, that was declared as a style of American contemporary society, and since 70 - 80-s the activity in the U. S. is becoming "the next religion", assumed by most People in the usa. Important role in promoting the sport performed mass media, that helped to triumph over the so-called "mental barrier" in public attitudes to exercise.
Sports as public phenomena ischaracterized by a particular cultural and general cultural function. That first include such functions as development of physical talents, the satisfaction of communal and natural needs in engine activity and marketing of the physical condition and health, physical development, improves physique, really helps to prevent and decrease the large number of diseases.
Sport, being one of the main means of improving individual health, physical development and improvement, it also has a significant positive effect on his religious world, his attitude, emotions, moral ideas, aesthetic likes, promoting harmonious development of personality. Modern sport is also important in the development of contacts between people, not only within one country, but also internationally, participating in a significant role in deepening common understanding between individuals, helps to build a climate of trust and calmness. Therefore, the sport is closely linked with the mental, moral, visual, communicative, and other spheres of culture, in this respect is integral component of peoples social life. This identifies the specific cultural and general cultural functions of sport, and also socioculturalfunctions. (McPherson 1989)
Firstly, it is necessary to say acompetitive function, which expresses the socio-cultural dynamics of sport. It offers several critical areas of the sport, both the creative activity of the players and the formation of necessary volitional attributes, and the exchange of sport results of experience and achievements, as well as other factors. In fact, the social occurrence of the competition characterizes the activity as a kind of intense sociable activity. As a short form of athletic relationships, any match for one is a struggle, that will require a stress limit of strenght and expertise. The search for limit of individual capabilities always directs an sportsman on the path of constant development and improvement of physical and religious strength. Different sportevents like complements and competitions demonstrate and compare variety of sporting achievements and results, show sports athletes focus on organized training and self-improvement. In other words, it is obvious that without knowledge and awareness of sociable and cultural functions in modern society, it is impossible to ensure players or athletics team involvement.
Another aspect of the competitive function lies in strong-willed training of sportsmen and sports teams. Indeed, sport competitionshelpto developsuch socially important features as dedication, determination, determination, courage, endurance, initiative, freedom and self-control, so essential for high success in competitions, as well as in everyday life. Named aspect suits the main one more function as real exchange of experience of techniques of activities training between the individual athletes, sports teams, national groups. The thing of exchange can be sports titles, the approach of athletics activity, forms of organization of activities and athletic work.
Finally, in competitive function athletics fully present its creative aspect that is associated generally with the harmonic development of personality of sportsman.
The second important function of sport is communicative function, which contribute to the enrichment of personality in the communication process. Facet of communication in sports lies in those relations in which the athlete originates from society and its organizations, with the instructors, other athletes and sports admirers. Communicative function also includes areas of the prestige associated with the aspire to self-affirmation and acceptance, helps tobring-up children and young adults, as a natural mean of isolating youngsters from the unsafe influence of the road. Experience clearly demonstrates sport is one of the very most effective mean of re-education, providing opportunities for the realization of energy, effort, creative imagination and physical capabilities, for leadership and competition in a wholesome manner.
Some of the issues of sport in modern society
"We live glad tolive in the days of the Olympic activity,
which aims involvement in building a peaceful and better world, through education of youth through sport, in a soul of Olympism and without the discrimination.
This requires us to a friendly understanding, solidarity and good play"
Juan Antonio Samaranch.
We can say that sport is a reflection which, in accordance with its targets and the activity, reflects the basic values of modern culture, without exerting an active influence on them. The historical procedure for organized sports movements in regards to a century implies that in American countries prerequisites for fast development of sport are based on contemporary social changes. The emergence of high competitiveness in the activity was a representation of an competitive population, associated with liberal thinking. A nationwide physical culture displays the basic developments of the values of culture, and international wearing life is a barometer of international politics.
Modern sport - is also a microcosm of modern society, and therefore the main problems of modern sport are similar to the basic problems of society, such as erotic, ethnic and racial discrimination, crime and deception, control of violence, drug use, playing, alcoholism, environmental coverage social, political and international relationships, etc. also sport can be a cohesive pressure in culture, which actively facilitates the social order and its own worth, as well as the power structure within which it operates. This thesis includes the fact that sport can be utilized as device by the federal government, it may easily be utilized to put into practice the aims of social power. Days gone by and recent incidents of the time show those multiple ways that sport is usually used in national and supranational passions. (Coalter 2008)
The first example is China. Following the policies of Mao of the "closed door", his successor Deng Xiao-ping tried to increase the image of the united states using the sporting successes in international contests, as he and his supervision believed that success in sport was an important factor in attaining international popularity. "Ping pong diplomacy" of China is a well-known example of how sport was used as an instrument for establishing relationships with other countries (Luo, 1995).
But similar cases can be employed to the post-socialist countries and the countries of the capitalist world. Instances of boycotts, which are often used in reference to the main international contests, Olympic Games, are the result of "totalitarization of sport" (this term was employed by KaleviHeinila), which includes become an important tool in the Cold Battle. (Heinila 1982)
An research of national forms of physical training can show how strongly sport from the development of the nation. Studies can obviously showthe marriage of competitive sports with militancy and violence in society, and that competitive sports increase the belligerence (warlike) of interpersonal system.
Also sport as an integral part of the dialectics of international relationships, it can be used as a mean of conditioning the political vitality, but on the other side, as a powerful instrument for building up mutual knowledge of nations, as sport comes with an opportunity to consolidate serenity, especially in times of international pressure, it can help to stabilize international relationships within ethnical exchange.
Conclusion
Modern sport is multifaceted, differentiated, and it is able to gratify the most diverse needs of individuals and society in the field of sports. However, it offers conflicting characteristics, which produces a dual frame of mind towards it: some see the sport as a source of health, disability, method of improving person's figure, of widening the boundaries of human functions; others be aware the negative impact of sport on physical health insurance and personality qualities.
Positive or negative impact of sport on the individual and society relies not only on the sport itself, but on the appropriateness of different aims and varieties of sports activities, the socio-economic level of society, from a specific system of moral education, sports activities related activities. Thus, we've attemptedto show the area and main developments of modern sport, which is characterized by both positive and negative trends that want further analysis, reflection and solving.
