Kuala Lumpur is the administrative centre of Malaysia and becomes a well known international city with a huge number of high rise properties. Klang River overflowed its lender and flooded the city which between Tun Perak Bridge and Dang Wangi Bridge on 26 Apr 2001. Besides that, Kuala Lumpur has an extremely dense populace and most of the residents are driving a vehicle their own vehicle to works. This considerably brings a serious congestion especially during working time. Government has made a decision to formulate the Stormwater Management and Road Tunnel (SMART) task to mitigate the floods and ease of traffic congestion which is completed through a joint venture pact between MMC Corp Berhad and Gamuda Berhad with the Office of Irrigation And Drainage Malaysia and the Malaysian Highway Power.
Every mega projects on the globe will go through long process during the design phases in order to produce a best and unique product. SMART task also encountered the same situation and they have its own uniqueness whereby it combines the damp and dried up tunnel in a structural element. The SMART Project is an impressive solution that it provides a dual purpose of mitigates the floods and simple traffic congestion at Kuala Lumpur. Generally, the SMART tunnel contain a bypass tunnel constructed from underground from the upstream of Kang River towards Taman Desa which is about 9. 7km long. Besides that, there will be a positioning basin in Kampung Berendam, a safe-keeping reservoir at Taman Desa, a twin container culvert framework and control gates constructions.
SMART tunnel is created utilizing the tunnel boring machine method. The tunnel is designed into two decks motorway which is the top deck and lower deck. Furthermore, at the bottom of lower deck, there will be a location for water to channel through the tunnel. The basic safety of the tunnel is consider as good because it is bounded by close circuit tv set, 24 hours of patrol, prepared with the necessary firefighting equipment, first aid and emergency mobile phone in the event of emergency occurred. Other top features of tunnel are good ventilation to keep the air quality in the tunnel by using strong ventilators.
This SMART tunnel published a new web page of building technology in Malaysia by bring in a few tunneling technology such as tunnel boring machine. It will be shown a fresh step took by the federal government in enhances the national transport system and overflow issue as well.
1. 2 Problem Statement
Kuala Lumpur is a nerve centre for Malaysias overall economy which is a capital of the Malaysia. Every year, there can be an incident of heavy floods in this field and resulted in extensive damages. The city is also at the mercy of traffic congestion because of the population increase in the city. To be able to address the challenge, government decides to build a Smart Tunnel to resolve the both issue carried out through a joint venture pact between MMC Corp Berhad and Gamuda Berhad with the Team of Irrigation And Drainage Malaysia and the Malaysian Highway Expert as the performing government companies.
Smart Tunnel is providing a dual goal which is simple traffic congestion and mitigates the floods concern in Kuala Lumpur. However, Kuala Lumpurs SMART Tunnel is not looking so smart any more as the there is occurrence of heavy overflow at Jalan TunRazak and Kampung Baru (The Superstar Online, 2011). Besides that, the heavy traffic congestion in Kuala Lumpur still cannot be solve even the SMART tunnel has been designed with its supplementary function which is help to ease the traffic problem. To be able to understand better about how the SMART tunnel performs, maintain and the effectiveness of its function, it is necessary to handle a research how this particular is diverts and exactly how its serve to ease the traffic at Kuala Lumpur.
1. 3 Target and Objectives
Title
A Analysis and Evaluation of SMART Jobs in Malaysia
Aim
To create the conceptual model of SMART projects in providing the dual purpose of overflow mitigation and simple street congestion.
Objectives
The goals of the analysis are
(i) To ascertain the operating-system and maintenance system of SMART tunnel.
(ii) To identify the effectiveness of the smart tunnel in mitigate overflow and ease of traffic congestion.
(iii) To review the benefits of SMART tunnel by assessing before and following the structure of SMART tunnel.
1. 4 Opportunity of Study
In this research proposal, three main aspects will be focused and completed including the operating and maintenance system of SMART Tunnel. That is mainly study about how the SMART tunnel reacts; operate when there's a heavy flood and exactly how is the maintenance system of the SMART tunnel. Besides that, an research on the effectiveness of the SMART tunnel will be completed. Benefits of the SMART tunnel will be analysis by assessing the before and after of the construction of SMART tunnel.
On the other palm, the other three aspects that won't be focus throughout the research proposal will be the management system of the SMART tunnel, the comparison on the performance of the composition under seismic loading when there can be an incident of earthquake and the construction method found in building SMART tunnel.
1. 5 Research Methodology
Methodology in a simplify term can be explained as a term whereby it enable the researchs goal and aims can be achieved effectively. So, it's important that a organized methodology should carry out in order to acquire all the necessary and important info to obtain a best consequence for the analysis.
Generally, the strategy of this research proposal is as follows:
First level (Literature Review)
In this stage, the study will commence with the formulation of research purpose, goals and problem affirmation. At this early on stage, a few of the supplementary data will be use as research such as articles, research books and newspapers. Secondary data is utilized in this stage in order to comprehend the topic thoroughly thus formulates the aim, problem declaration and goals of the study proposal.
Second level (Interview/Questionnaire/Case Study)
After the formulation of goal, objectives and problem assertion, other necessary data will gather from principal data. The relevant information will be bought through primary sources such as interview, questionnaire and case study. The relevant respondents that contain knowledge towards the topic will be interview and questionnaire procedure will also be conducted by distribute lots of questionnaires to the respondent to fill.
Third Stage
After collecting all the relevant data, the info will be analyse by using a analysis solution to analyse whether the objective of the research has meet. The potency of the SMART tunnel in mitigates the floods and simple traffic congestion will be analysed at this time and another method of analysis will be done by comparing the huge benefits before and after the structure of SMART tunnel. Then, the effect will be provided in the proposal itself.
1. 6 Section Planned
The research proposal mainly includes five chapters which as shown below:
Chapter 1
Chapter 1 of the research proposal is just a short on the study proposal. With this chapter, a short advantages of SMART tunnel will be reviewed. Then the target, objectives, problem statement and range of study will be formulated after go through the relevant information of SMART tunnel. Besides that, research strategy, the move of section and planning of chapter will also be identified at this stage. At last, a work programme will be prepared by checking the pre-planned work and actual work done throughout the research proposal.
Chapter 2
The aims that designed in chapter 1 will be discussed more detail in this stage. In this section, the function of operating and maintenance system of SMART tunnel will be study and talked about by referring to the catalogs, journal and articles. In the meantime, the effectiveness of the SMART tunnel in mitigates the overflow and simple traffic congestion will be elaborate thoroughly by referring to the articles. Then, the advantages of the SMART tunnel by evaluating the before and following the construction of it'll be identified and mentioned at this time.
Chapter 3
This chapter is principally focus on the methodology found in preparing the study proposal. Naturally, the methodology used which is major data. Interview and questionnaire will be conducted by interview someone who acquired knowledge on the SMART tunnel such as Architect, Engineer and Amount Surveying. Questionnaire will be distributed to the road users that uses SMART tunnel at least five times in weekly.
Chapter 4
After the assortment of primary and extra data, a fine detail examination will be carried out by using the SPSS software to calculate the outcome. This may be applied to the questionnaire gathered after filled up by the road users and the interview being conducted with the Architect, Amount Surveyor or Designers whereas the interview will be analyse by writing it into an article form in research proposal.
Chapter 5
Chapter 5 is the final outcome part prepared after the analysis of the data accumulated. A possible suggestion may also be produced in order to provide choice means to fix the assertion as explained in Chapter 1.
1. 7 Summation of the Proposal
Flow Chart 1: Overview of the proposal
Source: Wong Yee Vern
2. 1 Introduction
In the year of 2001, Federal government has straighten out a solution that could allow a severe overflow to enter metropolis without flooding or damage the location centre. An idea was proposed by the Government to execute a project called SMART Task by constructing a tunnel which provide a dual goal in mitigates the overflow issue and simple traffic congestion. The procurement approach to this job is design and build deal and is perform by a jv between Malaysian Mining Corporation and Gamuda Sdn Bhd. In the mean time, the concessionaire of the job is Syarikat Mengurus Air Banjir & Terowong Sdn Bnd and undergoes a concession period of 40 years. The development approach to SMART tunnel is using Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) method and it cost around RM 1. 9 billion to construct. Design of the tunnel is consider as unique as it is split into 2 decks and the space of the tunnel is about 9. 7 km with an outside diameter of 13. 2m. The construction of SMART Tunnel commenced on 25 November 2003 and officially works on 14 May 2007.
2. 2 Physical The different parts of Stormwater System
The SMART system is a collection of storage area, attenuation and regulated flow. The machine diverts overflow discharges from metropolis centre and subsequently produces them downstream while making sure the overflow problem is not moved anywhere else (Ir. Ng Koh Hing, Ir. David N. Welch & Subathra Devi Ramachandram, 2008). No overflow shall appear by ensuring the system optimizes the storage, attenuation and rules within and adjacent to the system. Generally the bypass system involves intake and wall plug system.
Besides that, the intake and shop system consist of a rubble removal system complete with floating booms, garbage rack and a rubble removal and removal unit. A river move diversion system complete with a 4-bay diversion weir structure and an 8-bay offtake structure shall also be part of the consumption and electric outlet system. Then a set of twin package culverts which gated at both end conveys the release from storage reservoir to Kerayong. Moreover, a holding pond will be situated at the upstream of the tunnel with a safe-keeping capacity of 600, 000 cubic metres and a safe-keeping cum attenuation fish-pond with a storage capacity of 1 1, 400, 000 cubic metres located at the downstream end of the tunnel.
2. 3 Operation of the SMART System
When there is an event of downpour of rainwater, the data accumulated will be analysed to predict the operation setting of SMART Tunnel. For example, when function II is forecasted by the analysis of data collected then action will be studied accordingly. Initially, this means that the identified operating guidelines will be controlled and the series of procedure will be displayed for monitoring and guidance goal in Stormwater Control Centre (SCC) which included the operation of varied gates. The function of operation of SMART tunnel will be subdivided into 4 modes.
2. 3. 1 Operation Rules of SMART Tunnel
Before
2. 3. 2 Modes of Operation
The procedure of SMART tunnel and motorway is be based upon the flood condition at the upstream of Klang River or Ampang River and works on four principle mode. The rule mode of procedure system of SMART tunnel can be described amount 1. 2.
Mode I
This is the function when the raining normal water is hardly any and traffic is allowed in the tunnel thus no diversion of normal water in to the tunnel is required.
Mode II
This method is triggered when the move rate is between 70-150m3/s meaning when the move rate of the rainwater noted at the upstream is between these rate, Setting II will be automatically triggered. The road tunnel traffic will stay opened to the street users however the excess flood water will be diverted to the keeping pond and the low deck of the tunnel will route the flood circulation to the attenuation fish-pond with a stream rate of 50m3/s.
Mode III
When there's a heavy rain, this method will be activated and the move rate is 150m3/s or even more. However, the traffic is motorway is required to be close down in order to allow the water channel through the both tunnel. Under such circumstances, the tunnel will be close up to 8 hours after the rainfall can stop to do some maintenance work.
Mode IV
After the two 2 hours of declaration of Function III, this function will be triggered if the rainwater water surprise prolong and the street tunnel will be re-opened to the traffic only within 4 times of closure. Moreover, the tunnel will be utilized for route the floods following the conclusion of evacuation of traffic.
Figure 1. 2 Procedure Mode of SMART tunnel
