Keywords: benefit of repeater, negatives of repeater
Router: Routers are devices which connect two tend to be systems that use similar protocol. A router contains hard ware and software. Routers operate at a network level of O. S. I model. Routers use logical and home address to connect two or more logically separate network. They make this connection by arranging the top network into reasonable network section (some times small sub network or sub nets). Each one of these sub nets is given a logical address. Data is grouped into packets or block of data.
Advantages of Router: They use higher level of intellect to rout data. Routers can also act as a bridge to take care of non rout able protocols such as NetBEUI (Network Bios Extended INTERFACE)
Disadvantages of Router:
High level of intelligence might take more processing time which make a difference performance
Routers are very complicated which set up and maintenance difficult.
2) Gateways: Gateways are devices which connect two tend to be more systems that use different protocols. They are simply similar in function to routes however they are more powerful and intelligent devices. A gateway can actually convert data so that network with an application on a computers on the other side of the gateway e. g a get way can acquire email messages in one format in convert them into another format. Gateway can operate at all seven layer of OSI model. Since Gateway perform data conversion so they are simply slower in velocity and very expensive devices.
3) Repeaters: Repeaters are used within network to increase the distance of communication. Data process through transmitting marketing in the plantation of waves or impulses. The transmission mass media weaken signals that undertake it. The weakening of transmission is called attenuation. If the info is to be transmitted beyond the maximum amount of a communication press, alerts have amplified. The devices that are being used to amplify the indicators are called repeaters. Repeaters just work at the physical level of OSI model. Repeaters are usually two ports boxes that hook up two segments. As a signal will come in one slot, it is regenerated and sends out to the other dock.
Advantages of Repeater:
Repeaters easily extend the length of network.
They require no processing over head, so very little if any performance degradation occurs.
It can connect indicators from the same network type that use different types of cables.
Disadvantages of Repeaters:
Repeaters can't be used to connect segments of different network types.
They can't be used to portion traffic on the network to reduce congestion.
Many types of network have a limit on the number of network s that can be used simultaneously.
4) Bridges: Bridges are used to hook up similar network sections. A bridge will not pass or signals it receives. When a bridge receives a signal, it decides its vacation spot by looking at its vacation spot and it delivers the signals towards it. For instance in an above figure a bridge has been used to join two network segments A AND B.
When the bridge gets the impulses it read address of both sender and receiver. In the event the sender is a computer in portion A and the recipient is also segment A, it would not move the impulses to the sections B. It will however pass signals if the sender is in a single portion and the recipient in other section. Bridge works at the data link covering of O. S. I model.
Advantages of Bridges:
Bridge extends network sections by joining them mutually to make one reasonable network.
They make a difference the section traffic between sites by filtering data if it does not need to go away.
Like repeaters they can connect similar network types with different cabling.
Disadvantages of Bridges:
Bridge have information about the data they receive with can decrease performance.
5) Hub: Hubs are in essence multi slots repeaters for U. T. P cables. Some hubs have slots for other kind of cable television such as coaxial cable television. Hubs range in proportions from four slots up to as well as for specific to the network types. They are some hubs which are
I. Passive Hub
II. Dynamic Hub
III. Change/ Intelligent Hub
Passive Hub: It provides no indication regeneration. They are simply cables connected alongside one another so that the signal is busted out to other nodes devoid of regeneration. They are not used often today because of lack of cable duration that is allowed.
Active Hub: It operates as repeaters and regenerates the data signals to all or any ports. They haven't any real intelligence to tell weather the indication must go to all or any plug-ins that is blindly repeated.
Switch Hub: Switches are multi ports bridges. They filtering traffic between your slots on the turn by using the address of computers transmitting to them.
Switches can be utilized when data performance is needed or when collision need to be reduce.
Advantages of Hub
Hubs need minimal configuration.
Active hub can extend maximum network press distance.
No processing is done at the hub to slow down performance
Disadvantages of Hub
Passive hubs can greatly limit maximum mass media distance.
Hubs have no intelligence to filter traffic so all data is send out on all ports whether it's need or not.
Since hubs can become repeaters the network with them are required to follow the same guidelines as repeaters
6) Modem: The device that converts digital alerts into analog signs and analog impulses to digital impulses is named Modem. The word modem means modulation and demodulation. The procedure of converting digital signs to analog indicators is called modulation. The procedure of transforming analog alerts to digital alerts is named demodulation. Modems are used with computer systems to transfer data in one computer to some other computer through mobile phone lines.
Modems have two relationships these are.
Analog connection
Digital connection
Analog connection: The bond between the modem and calling line is named analog connection.
Types of Modem
THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF MODEMS
Internal modem
External modem
Digital connection: The connection of modem to computer is named digital connection
INTERNAL MODEM: It matches into expansion slot machine games inside the computer. It really is directly linked to the mobile phone lines through calling jack. It is normally less inexpensive than external modem. Its transmitting rate is also less exterior modem.
EXTERNAL MODEM: It's the external device of computer which is connected to the computer through serial slot. Additionally it is linked to the telephone line through a telephone jack. External modems are costly and also have more procedure features and high transmission speed.
Advantages of Modem
Inexpensive hardware and telephone lines.
ii. Easy to create and maintain.
