The Cairngorms Country wide Recreation area is the greatest in the UK which includes 3800 sq. m. area. They have typical natural environment, cultural heritage and local communities and also included eight different natural reserves. It offers outdoors lands, moorlands, forests, rivers, lochs and glens. The countrywide recreation area has Scotland's five highest mountains. Almost all section of the forest in the recreation area is included in pine. Spey, Dee and Don Valleys are located in lowland areas from where streams, lochs and marshes are originated. This recreation area has provided home for 16000 people and 25% of the UK's threatened wildlife kinds. Aviemore, Ballater, Braemar, Grantowin, Kingussie, Newtonmore and Tomintoul are filled areas in the recreation area. The area is one of the renowned outdoor recreational sites in the world. Visitors are allowed to visit the area by walking, wheelchair, horse, bi-cycle and boating. They are able to enjoy in golfing, sportfishing, cycling, hill walking, skiing and deer hunting.
The Cairngorms mountain area was posted as national playground in 2003. It provides conservation site for pine, recreational purposes such as tourism development and deer hunting sites. The land area in the countrywide park is occupied by certain land owner and the area is call as claims. Due to the difference interest of the land owner there are issues in the land management. The Forestry Commission has major role and also responsibility to save the forest of the national playground. The Scottish Natural Traditions (SNH) has major role in management of Cairngorms which supports fund for overall management and conservation of the nationwide park.
Due to progressive change in land used pattern natural ecosystem has changed into cropland, pasture land, tree plantation, timber harvesting and urbanisation.
The river Dee is major way to obtain drinking water source in Aberdeen which is comes from Cairngorm Hill. The land management system of Deeside is split into woodland, agriculture land, heather and forest. The woodland of the Deeside has had by landlords or real estate. Most of the forest in Cairngorms have had privately, that are Balmoral real estate and Glen Tanar. The Balmoral estate is owned or operated and funded by the British Royal Family. The purpose of the Balmoral property is ideal for conservation of natural environment, deer hunting and farming. The Royal Family and their friends go to the Balmoral estate for recreation. During the time they enjoy with deer firing. In the same way, Glen Tanar was the property of an individual from Manchester in parts however now the ownership has shared with other people. The primary target of the Glen Tanar is to save the natural Scot pines for timber development and salmon fishing in river Dee.
Several conflicts due to real human activities regarding land use routine, biodiversity conservation, aquatic habitat, scenery in Cairngorms have been found. Major conflicts receive below
Conflict between Pine Forest and Deer Management
Balmoral house and Glen Tanar have the same boarder. Each one of the area has its own purpose. Conservation of dear for hunting is the primary target of Balmoral property and the conservation of Scot pine is the objective of Glen Tanar. The deer graze the young shoots of the pine which is wholesome for the deer. The grazing of the pine blast by the dear is major discord in Glen Tanar. This is the primary problem for pine regeneration and deer management in the Cairngorms area. Likewise, pine forest is natural habitat of the parrot called capercaillie. The bird has poor view and low flying. The birds choose the habitat of pine trees for feed, nesting and check rearing. The house has created the fence to protect the pine from the grazing of the deer stop the activity of the bird and decree the populace of birds.
Forestry Ownership
There is conflict between forest possession and forest management industries. Scottish Natural Traditions supports partial fund for conservation of ethnical heritages of the estates. The woodland are handled by traditional estates. The private forest owners aren't giving proper focus on manage animals and natural environment. Forestry Percentage has taken the duty for conservation and regeneration of the forest. Overgrazing of deer and sheep in upland section of the mountain also related with the turmoil to animals and forest conservation.
Impact on Biodiversity
The land owners who handled the private forest sell their woods which cause loss of biodiversity.
Agriculture
The owners have planted trees and they used agrochemicals which caused pollution in the River Dee. The air pollution affects the salmon human population in the river.
Recreation
Some elements of the Deeside are chosen to manage salmon sportfishing and hunting of grouse and deer. Heather and birches, sportfishing, skiing are advantageous for tourism. But the skiing induced change in land use and also impacts the hill birds and ecology. In the same way, cycling, dog walking, hill walking, climbing are also in charge of conflict in geographic area.
Conclusion
The Cairngorms Country wide Park has quality value for natural and environmental concerns. Different issues related to discord are still within the national park areas. There is turmoil between deer grazing and forest ownership, utilization of forest resources and land possession land management. There is necessary to get the root causes of the conflict among the stakeholders to improve the environmental quality of the park.
