Keywords: skill expressionism, expressionism skill movement
How is expressionism described? By the idea behind the paintings of the movement or can someone really define a motion that was predicated on freedom and home appearance. Expressionism was a social movement grown up within a variety of art forms including poetry, literature and painting. The term expressionism is the main little bit of information best describing the theme of the activity, the word expression been used to describe a facial movement to portray a ambiance or sense. An designer of the expressionist movements is merely recreating the expressions we coloring on our faces into a psychological painting that evokes their inner most thoughts, enforcing there own visualisation via an emotional response to the worlds representation. An designer of the expressionist movement aims to paint not the reality of something but instead it's interior notion. Expressionism originated in Germany in the beginning of the 20th century with many artists breaking away from realism and producing their work to create this new movements. Designers including Edvard Munch, Fritz Bleyl, Erich Heckel, Karl Schmidt-Rottluff, Emil Nolde, Max Pechstein and Otto Mueller where the music artists who founded and stared within the expressionist movement.
Expressionism was a deliberate manifestation of post-impressionism (Zigrosser, C. 1957 p. 5) using the same amount of representation of painting in that they where not worried about the form and shape of what they where painting. Many expressionist painters viewed upon the work of Vincent Truck Gogh, influencing there work with many expressionist painters increasing motivation from 'Starry Evening' which symbolizes many of the fluid actions within expressionist paintings. Influences from 'starry nights' can be found in that of Edvard Munch's work as the paint moves over the painting very much the same. The difference was that impressionism was a entertainment of what the artist saw, making a advised impression of the thing or figure not an mental response. The activity of expressionism was instigated mainly by the paintings of Norwegian musician Edvard Munch who was simply the forerunner of expressionist artwork and helped to build up and influence expressionism in Germany and elements of central Europe. Highly influencing many expressionist painters and leading the introduction of both major expressionist groups De Brјcke (The Bridge) and Der Blaue (The Blue Rider) Reiter. Munches work was mainly predicated on his life activities with his work sometimes quite troubling and violent. Munch most famously known for his group of paintings entitled 'The Frieze of life'. A lot of his paintings been fuelled by his troubles in life through the fatality of his family in particular the painting 'The Scream' ( 1893). Where it depicts his communal anxieties within life and nature. The original title given been 'The Scream of Characteristics'. The fluid movements of car paint within the painting and the vivid deep colours are used expressing the feelings of despair and terror. The true dynamics of the painting is detailed within the brief story written by Munch that is referred to as a description of his ideas. 'I was walking along a course with two friends - sunlight was arranging - out of the blue the sky changed blood red - I paused, being exhausted, and leaned on the fence - there is blood vessels and tongues of flames above the blue-black fjord and the town - my friends strolled on, and I stood there trembling with nervousness - and I sensed an infinite scream transferring through mother nature' Although as do many other expressionist painters this is not a literal interpretation instead describing his personal encounters within life.
Expressionism is 'the mental experience in its most intense and focused formulation. Their key word was the exploration- of man's internal life' (Zigrosser, C, 1957, p. 5). Munch and Van Gogh inspired many music artists and lead four German performers to build an expressionist group called The Brјcke. This group, situated in Berlin included Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Fritz Bleyl, Erich Heckel and Karl Schmidt Rottluff. The intention being to 'revolutionise the span of German fine art and profoundly to affect the nature of German World' (Whitford, F, 1970. P34). The Brјcke were the first ever to be wholly expressionist painters, revolutionising art work and breaking away from the atheistic conditions that were set by there predecessors. Inside the development of today's world and increasing industrialisation and urbanisation; originated a revolt in favour of the new expressionist motion and intense interior vision. Expressionism looked for to split up man from culture and break from status and create a new group who where Avant- Garde. The group started out in mainly woodcuts and images producing there work into paintings and rejecting the traditional traditional artwork of the traditional and impressionist moves. The musician Ernst Ludwig Kirchner was said to be the founder of the group within the group it is clear that all artist has inspired the other person with lots of the artist's paintings including sweeping slashes in a jarring movements over the painting. Many of Kirchner's paintings where of the night time life and consisted of nudes and shape compositions. ' My goal was always to express feeling and experience with large varieties and simple shades and it is my goal today' (Zigrosser, C. 1957. p15). One famously known painting by Kirchner is 'Bathers at Moritzburg' (1909) shows the spontaneity of the brush strokes used and the loosely drawn figures observed in a lot of this group's artworks. Additionally it is visible that there is an affect in many expressionist paintings from Gauguin as he uses daring colours to express a certain situation and the feelings and atmosphere of the area, this is seen especially in his painting- 'eve -Don't Listen To The Liar' (1889). This Painting could be looked at to be an early expressionist painter as the atmosphere of the painting shows a certain degree of anguish and despair that the audience portrays and accumulates the underlying thoughts of the painting.
Expressionism began to develop and a fresh band of expressionist painters where made, they labelled themselves 'Der Blaue Reiter' (The Blue Rider) as do Die Brјcke they rejected their classical legacy and turned to dynamics and the primitive (little, s. 2004. p104). Der Blaue Reiter group consisted of Alexei Von Jawlensky, Wassily Kandinsky and Franz Marc and many more, the group came mutually years after Die Brucke when a painting of Kandinskys was turned down from an exhibition. This group centered on the spirituality of skill and expressing there work in a imaginative way that could sometimes in the task of Kandinsky would represent childhood stories of fairy tales. After moving to Germany there work developed further and some would later describe the work of Kandinsky as abstract expressionism and was the front runner and inspiration of several abstract painters. The work of Jawlensky is mainly figurative and shows indications of cubism, in many of his paintings and other of the group links to other skill activities such as cubism and fauvism can be seen. Kandinsky developed his work further and created a more modern undertake a lot more traditional expressionist paintings. One early part by Kandinsky is 'The Blaue Reiter' (1903) that was Intended to form colour harmonies whatever would purify the heart and would be a interconnection between music and painting, this theme is within a lot of Kandinsky's paintings. Kandinsky was known for having synaesthesia where he would see music as shades. 'Music is the best educator' (Kandinsky). Kandinsky's work became more abstract with him becoming considering colour analysis and geometrical elements became an important element of his paintings. This is seen in one of is own most well-known paintings 'Transverse lines' (1923) in which he used shapes and loose competitive lines across the painting expressing his feelings at that time but without needing any direct connection between his personal life and the painting. Kandinsky was an important turning point in the trend of art as much abstract painters still take creativity and admiring his work.
Expressionism was a movement defined by independence and self manifestation, a way for artists expressing their emotions- not directly, but through artwork. Expressionism was an important movements in the arts as it created and developed into many different art work actions and has and still inspires many performers.
