According to question 1, it necessary to give the reasons of selecting computer hardware and software for the business an important management decision. It also required to state out the management, business, and technology conditions that is highly recommended when selecting computers.
A computer is a programmable machine that allows insight, stores and manipulates data, and provides output in a good format. A pc comprises of combo of two components, which is hardware and software. Both components are important and have its functions and important usages. The easiest explanation of hardware is the thing which we can touch and software is the thing which we can not touch but only feel.
Computer hardware is the physical the mechanised, magnetic, electronic, and electrical power components creating your computer system. Examples computer hardware are Central Control Device (CPU), Random Access Memory (RAM), devices, CD-ROM COMPACT DISC Read-Only Ram), keyboards, mice, printers, modem, router, and etc.
Computer software is the specific instructions that control the operation of the computer system. Computer software is split into two major types of software, which is system software and request software. System software is a couple of generalized programs that control the computer's resources, such as CPU, communication links, and peripheral devices. Examples of system software are Microsoft Windows, Mac OSX, Linux, BIOS software, Device Diver Software, and etc. Program software identifies the programs that are written for or by users to use the computer to a particular task. Types of software software are, Microsoft Term, Mozilla Firefox, E-mail software, groupware, and etc.
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Figure 1: Computer hardware (Cases only)
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Figure 2: Computer software (Illustrations only)
Answer (Question 1)
Nowadays, almost all of the greatest organizations are employing the computer technology and experienced implemented their bought it (Information Technology) division(s). They can not disregard the powerful and profitable of its IT department(s) which brings their business towards success. Types of organizations are Apple Inc. , FedEx, Wal-Mart, McDonald's, and etc. Hence, IT is now critical to a organization's success, so it is important an company should uses the computer technology in its daily business program and the computer hardware and software meets the needs of the business. The professionals and/or IT employees will need to have the knowledge of the role of computers and software in the decisions that promote organizational performance and output.
The computer components, either hardware devices or software, are now updating and bettering its technology frequently and quick, and hence damaged its price are growing. The computer hardware and software costs big money in an organization. Therefore, it is very important that the IT department of a business should choose and buy the most likely and cost-effective computer hardware and software.
While selecting the most appropriate and cost-effective computers and software, it also needs to be sufficiently powerful to meet up with the demands of the existing users and future unstable increasing of users demand. Therefore, expandability and scalability of the computer hardware and software needs to be carefully prepared and considered.
Selection and use of computer hardware and software technology can have a deep effect on business performance. Computers and software symbolize important organizational possessions that must definitely be managed appropriately. The most important issues in managing computer hardware and software technology assets are understanding the new technology requirements for electric commerce and digital organization, determining the total cost of technology possessions, and deciding whether to possess and maintain technology belongings or use external technology providers for a business.
Managers and IT specialists need to pay attention to the computers capacity planning and scalability. Capacity planning is the process of predicting when a computers system becomes saturated. Capacity planning ensures that the business has enough processing power because of its current and future needs. Business professionals need to determine acceptable degrees of computer response time and supply for the organization's mission-critical systems to keep up the level of business performance they expect. New applications, mergers and acquisitions, and changes running a business level all impact computer workload and must be considered when planning hardware capacity. Scalability pertains the ability of an computer, product, or system to grow to serve a big volume of users without breaking down. Organizations must make sure they have got sufficient computer control, storage space, and network resources to handle their business databases and to make it available online constantly. Hence, not impact their daily business regimen or the availability for users demand.
The purchase and maintenance of computer hardware and software is but one of some cost components that managers must consider when choosing and managing computer hardware and software technology investments. The full total cost of ownership (TCO) model can be used to analyze these immediate and indirect costs to help organizations determine the real cost of specific technology implementations. TCO designates the full total cost of using technology resources, including primary purchase costs, the cost of hardware and software enhancements, maintenance, technical support, and training. It is possible to reduce some of these administration costs through better management. Organizations can reduce their TCO through increased centralization and standardization of their computer hardware and software resources. In addition they can reduce the size of the information systems staff necessary to support their infrastructure if the organization minimized the amount of different computer models and bits of software that employees are allowed to use. When TCO can be reduced, computers might run up to many times worth the original price of the equipment.
Another important management decision when selecting computers and software was to determine whether to possess and keep maintaining technology possessions or use external technology companies for an organization. Nowadays, many organizations are obtaining their computer hardware and software technology from exterior service vendors. That is because it significantly cheaper and can preserved a lot of costs in retaining and administrating.
One of the popular external service supplier is online Storage area COMPANY (SSP) is a third-party supplier that rents out space for storage to users over the Web, allowing customers to store and gain access to their data without having to purchase and maintain their own safe-keeping technology.
Application service provider (ASP) is a company providing software that may be rented by other companies over the Web or a private network. ASP not merely helps an organization to save cost of software acquisitions and updates, there could be benefits allows the business to give attention to core business issues rather than technology troubles.
Utility computing style of computing in which organizations just pay for the IT resources they actually use during a specified time period. It also on-demand computing or usage-based pricing. Again, utility processing model really helps to save cost of computers and software of an organization.
Moreover, when choosing computer hardware, it is very important that an firm should consider management, group, and technology issues. In general management issues, selecting computer hardware technology for the business is a key business decision and it should not be still left to technical specialists alone. General Managers should understand the capabilities of various computer processing, input, and storage, options, as well as price versus performance interactions. They should be involved with hardware-capacity planning technology advantage management, decisions to disperse processing, downsize, or use network computers.
In firm issues, computer hardware technology can either boost or impede organizational performance. Computer hardware selection should think about how well the technology meshes with the group`s culture and framework as well as its information handling requirements.
In technology issues, IT today is not limited to computer systems but must be viewed as a range of digital devices networked mutually. Organizations have many computer handling options to choose from, including mainframes, workstations, Personal computers, and network computer systems, and many different ways of configuring hardware components to set-up systems.
Conclusion (Question 1)
In final result, selecting computer hardware and software for the business an important management decision to improve business performance and productivity, while reduces the losing cost for unnecessary aspects. Several reasons are new computer components costs a lot of money, IT is now critical to the organization's success, therefore the computer components must matches the needs of the organization, and the computer components must be sufficiently powerful to meet up with the future increasing of users demand.
When selecting computer hardware and software, the professionals and IT specialists of an organization need to comprehend the new technology requirements for electric business and digital company, to look for the total cost of technology belongings, also to determine whether to own and maintain technology investments or use exterior technology service providers for an organization.
In addition, good decisions for selecting computer hardware and software make an enterprise grow. Bad ones will burns organization's business money and investor's money. When these money is fully gone, the business will are unsuccessful.
Question 2
If you were a director in an organization that runs in many countries, what criteria would you utilize to ascertain whether a fresh system should be developed as a worldwide request or local request? Why?
Introduction (Question 2)
According to question 2, it necessary to express out and explains the reasons of the requirements that use to ascertain whether a fresh system should be developed as a global program or local request, easily am a supervisor in an organization that performs in many countries.
A global request is your computer system that in a position to operate across national boundaries, politics, global knowledge platform, world cultures, rules and legal systems, religions, global environmental, public expectations, languages and etc. While a local application is reverse of global request, it concentrates and functions locally or inside a company only.
Assume that I am a administrator in the Coca-Cola Company which works in many countries, I would suggest for the new system should be developed as a worldwide application.
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Figure 3: Coca-Cola's logo
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Figure 4: Products by The Coca-Cola Company
Answer (Question 2)
Nowadays, many localized companies will be replaced by fast-moving networked corporations that transcend nationwide boundaries. The value of imports and exports from all nations companies has risen to about several trillion us dollars on a yearly basis. Therefore, the production of this Cola-Cola Company should be parceled out to a variety of countries. The globe request would help the company in manufacturing, production, and procedures management. In addition, it enables to apply standard supply chain management software or organization software to coordinate global manufacturing procedures and supply chains.
The major requirements that the new system should be developed in world application will be the growth of cheap international communication and transport has created a world culture with secure targets or norms, and politics stability and a growing global knowledge basic that is widely shared contribute also to the globe culture. These criteria create the condition for global market, global development, coordination, syndication, and global economies of range.
A business driver is a push in the surroundings to which businesses must answer and that affects the way of the business enterprise. The global business individuals can be divided into two groups, which can be general ethnical factors and specific business factors. Easily recognized general cultural factors have influenced internationalization since World War II. Information, communication, and transportation technologies have created a worldwide village in which communication (through telephone, tv set, radio, or computer network) around the world is forget about difficult and not much more expensive than communication down the stop. The cost of moving goods and services to and from geographically dispersed locations has fallen dramatically.
The development of global communications has created a worldwide village in a second sense: A worldwide culture created by television set, the web, and other globally shared press such as films now enables different cultures and peoples to build up common targets about right and wrong, desirable and unwanted, heroic and cowardly. The collapse of the Eastern bloc has speeded the expansion of a global culture enormously, increased support for capitalism and business, and reduced the amount of cultural conflict noticeably.
Another criterion what is highly recommended is the expansion of a worldwide knowledge bottom. Nowadays, Latin America, China, India, Southern Asia, and Eastern European countries are suffering from powerful educational, industrial, and methodical centers, producing a a lot more democratically and generally distributed knowledge platform. Hence, more and more citizen has the understanding of using computer technology and networking, better languages understanding, plus more. This will enhance the meets of appropriate quality of work force, which can fit in the business's computer system easily and quickly, and then improve the productive and staff performance.
These general ethnic factors leading toward internationalization lead to specific business globalization conditions that have an impact on most sectors. The development of powerful communications solutions and the emergence of world civilizations create the condition for global marketplaces. Global consumers enthusiastic about consuming similar products that are culturally approved. Therefore, products on the Coca-Cola Company would be fit into global markets easily.
Global creation and operations have emerged with specific online coordination between far-flung creation facilities and central headquarters thousands of kilometers away. Professionals or employees of the business do not need to travel a long distance for business coordination, meetings, and any management procedures. By this way, it reduces the employee's vacations fees and save times. In addition, the vehicles fees of global shipping and delivery companies are very low compared to the recent years. This helps reduced the price of exporting company's products to numerous very far distance of countries.
The new global markets and pressure toward global creation and procedure have leaded towards whole new features for global coordination of most factors of production. Not only creation but also accounting, marketing and sales, human resources, and systems development (all the major business functions) can be coordinated on a worldwide scale.
Global markets, creation, and administration create the conditions for powerful, suffered global economies of range. Production motivated by worldwide global demand can be concentrated where it can best be completed, set resources can be allocated over greater production goes, and production runs in larger crops can be slated more proficiently and precisely projected. Less expensive factors of creation can be exploited wherever they emerge. The effect is a powerful strategic edge to organizations that can organize globally using global software. These standard and specific business drivers have significantly advanced world trade and business.
Moreover, when identifying the new system should be developed as a global application, it is vital that an company should think about management, company, and technology issues.
Managers are accountable for devising a proper organizational and scientific construction for international business. Choosing a global business strategy, figuring out central business process, arranging the firm to perform business on a global range, and selecting international information system structures are key management decision.
In organization issues, culture, political, and language diversity magnifies variations in organizational culture and standard operating procedures when companies operate internationally. These distinctions create obstacles to the development of global informational systems that transcend countrywide boundaries.
The main technology decision in building international system is finding a set of workable standard in hardware, software, and networking for the firm's international information systems infrastructure and architecture. THE WEB and intranets are ever more used to provide global connection and help as a basis for global systems, but many companies still need proprietary system for several functions, and, therefore, international standard.
Conclusion (Question 2)
In conclusion, the new system of The Coca-Cola Company would be the most likely developed as a worldwide application. The requirements that should be considered were globalize the company would boost the profits, the growth of cheap international communication and transportation has created a world culture with secure goals or norms, and politics stability and an evergrowing global knowledge basic that is extensively distributed contribute also to the world culture. The global software also helps in online coordination, conferences, and any management functions, which reduces employee's travels fees and save times. Overall, it enhances the productivity and business performance of the business.
